Combined Echocardiography and Lung Ultrasound for Extubation Outcome Prediction in Children after Cardiac Surgery

Background: Children are at risk of extubation failure after congenital heart disease surgery. Such cases should be identified to avoid possible adverse consequences failed extubation. This study aimed identify ultrasound predictors successful in children who underwent cardiac Methods: aged 3 months 6 years surgery (if they were intubated for >6 h and a spontaneous breathing trial) included this study. Results: We 83 disease. Transthoracic echocardiography lung performed immediately before trials. Upon trial completion, respiratory parameters, including arterial blood gas analysis frequency-to-tidal volume ratio, similarly recorded. For outcome assessment, all followed up 48 successfully extubated 57 (68.7%). These significantly older weighed more but had shorter aortic cross-clamp cardiopulmonary bypass times. could not weaned or prolonged total mechanical ventilation pediatric intensive care unit stay. In the multivariate regression analysis, score ≥12 ejection fraction ≥40% trials only independent When combined, an showed better diagnostic performance than every other isolated variable (lung ultrasound, N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, ratio). Conclusions: The combination transthoracic effectively predicts outcomes